The swell of Syrians has pushed Turke… "Mediterranean Route" this past year than in the past. We take a look at clandestine and irregular migration movements to Europe in 2019. Most settled in cities such as Istanbul, where they can find work. 7. In May 2016, the European Commission presented a first package of reforms, including proposals for establishing a sustainable and fair Dublin system (COM(2016) 270 final), reinforcing the Eurodac system (COM(2016) 272 final) and establishing a European Agency for Asylum (COM(2016) 271 final). EU-Turkey deal was signed. were 2,299 migrants reported dead or missing in the Mediterranean – almost Based on a global estimate from IDMC. Luxembourg, Hungary, Austria, Romania, Slovakia and Finland not available. 27th July 2020 | News. According to IOM, only 23,261 people who arrived in Europe the Balkans right now, in particular in Bosnia and Herzegovina and in Serbia. However, the applied methodology defines that final decisions should refer to what is effectively a final decision in the vast majority of cases: in other words, once all normal routes of appeal have been exhausted and there is no possibility to appeal on the substance of the decision but only on procedural grounds. Greece, but also Cyprus, there were 66,166 sea arrivals this year, which is 2013: Austria not available. Since 1999, the EU has worked towards creating a common European asylum regime in accordance with the Geneva Convention and other applicable international instruments. Consisting of more than 2.0 million new individual asylum claims and 382,200 refugees recognized on a prima facie or group basis. More than 120,000 irregular migrants and refugees arrived in the EU this year, mostly by sea. when 24,815 people arrived that way. As Figure 1 presents, between 2008 and 2012 there was a gradual increase in the number of asylum applications within the EU-27, after which the number of asylum seekers rose at a more rapid pace, with 400 500 applications in 2013, 594 200 in 2014 and around 1.3 million in 2015. The statistics are based on administrative sources and are supplied to Eurostat by statistical authorities, home office ministries/ministries of the interior or related immigration agencies in the EU Member States. Last week, the IOM reported that the number of people who arrived in Europe by sea in 2017 was less than half as many as the previous year. With 142 400 applicants registered in 2019, Germany accounted for 23.3 % of all first-time applicants in the EU-27. the border. Greece saw a dramatic increase in arrivals, while arrivals in Italy and Spain declined. Migrant deaths within Europe: Highest number since 2015, There were 123 people who died on their migration journeys 612 700 first-time asylum seekers applied for international protection in the Member States of the EU-27 in 2019. Nearly four years after almost 1 million refugees were welcomed into the country, Germany has quietly been closing the window on asylum applications and ramping up deportations. Route'. Asylum in Europe 2019: human rights under pressure . deadliest migration routes worldwide. In April, the government announced that Germany would accept 4,600 resettled refugees in 2018 and 5,600 in 2019 as a contribution towards an EU … place on the 'western route' – mostly between Morocco and Spain, but also Persons may however apply for international protection in more than one Member State in a given reference year. This included options for a fair and sustainable system for allocating asylum applicants among EU Member States, a further harmonisation of asylum procedures and standards to create a level playing field across the EU and thereby reduce pull factors inducing irregular secondary movements, and a strengthening of the mandate of the EASO. A first-time applicant for international protection is a person who lodged an application for asylum for the first time in a given EU Member State and therefore excludes repeat applicants (in that Member State) and so more accurately reflects the number of newly arrived persons applying for international protection in the reporting Member State. 3,170 migrant fatalities worldwide in 2019 (as of December 19). The Western Mediterranean Route meanwhile saw 24,759 It's worth to note here that while migrant rescue missions – Europe has been a crossroads of human mobility since ancient times. First instance decisions are decisions granted by the respective authority acting as a first instance of the administrative/judicial asylum procedure in the receiving country. Croatia, which many migrants try to cross in a bid to make it from the Balkans The number of first-time asylum applicants in the EU-27 [1] in 2019 was 612 700. Roughly 473,000 first-time asylum applications were filed in countries that belong to the European Union between January and September 2019, according to Eurostat. with between 6,000 and 11,000 migrants arriving on average each month. In the majority of EU-27 Member States, in 2019 the share of minors that was unaccompanied was less than 20%. July 22, 2019. migrants who attempted that crossing died. Until the end of the Second World War, most migration was within and out of Europe. The main contributions to this increase were higher numbers of applicants from Venezuela, Colombia and Afghanistan, (see Figure 2). Italy's then-interior minister Matteo Salvini, At least 40 feared dead or missing in shipwreck off Libya, according to UNHCR, More unaccompanied minors among migrants rescued at sea, NGO, Open Arms rescues a further 77 migrants in the Mediterranean. That's the highest number since 2015, The 1951 Geneva Convention relating to the status of refugees (as amended by the 1967 New York Protocol) has, for around 70 years, defined who is a refugee, and laid down a common approach towards refugees that has been one of the cornerstones for the development of a common asylum system within the EU. crossings. It puts forward the idea of a common European asylum system (CEAS), in particular, it raises the challenge to establish common procedures and uniform status for those granted asylum or subsidiary protection. 227 migrants were reported dead or missing on their way from Tunisia For many, Europe may not be their intended destination when they set out on their journey: most head for neighbouring countries at first, but the abuse they experience along the way compels them to push on towards Europe. The next high numbers of applicants of a single citizenship in 2019 were also observed in Germany (13 700 applicants from Iraq and 10 800 from Turkey), Greece (10 800 applicants from Syria) and France (10 000 applicants from Afghanistan). arrivals in 2019 – the number of arrivals in 2018 was more than twice as high In 2019, the number of Syrian first-time asylum applicants in the EU-27 fell to 74 400 from 80 000 in 2018, while the share of Syrians in the EU-27 total dropped from 14.6 % to 12.1 %. Some of these people may have arrived prior to 2019. The migrants and refugees who arrived in the EU-wide figures regarding both "legal" migration via that sea route in 2019 (as of December 19). In 2019 there were 14 100 applications[3] in the EU-27 from unaccompanied minors; 7.1 % of all minors were unaccompanied (see Figure 6). The EU total is calculated as an aggregation of Member States data. 2010: Bulgaria, Greece, Croatia, Luxembourg, Hungary, Austria, Romania and Finland not available. Italy, Spain. Crossing the Mediterranean Sea continues to be one of the At the end of 2019, there were 26.0 million refugees and 45.7 million internally displaced persons worldwide (UNHCR figures). The data arrived as the European Commission is expected, by the end of this month, to present its proposal for reform of EU migration and asylum rules. Since the entry into force of Regulation (EC) 862/2007, statistics on asylum decisions have become available for different stages of the asylum procedure. The number of repeat applicants (persons lodged more than one application ) in the EU-27 in 2019 was 63 600, representing a 9.4 % of the total number of applicants. The number of migrants who died on this route (relative to In 2019, European countries12 recorded 672,935 new asylum seekers. Introduction. Also in 2019, EU countries granted protection to 295,800 asylum seekers, down from 333,400 in 2018, which was almost 40% lower than in 2017 (533,000). 57,012 however, was roughly the same in 2019 and 2018. Applicants in 2019. migrants and asylum seekers who arrived in Europe The distribution of first-time asylum applicants by sex shows that more men (61.9 %) than women (38.1 %) were seeking asylum. Refugees - number of returns to homeland 2001-2019 Venezuela: main countries of asylum/refugee status 2019 Number of refugees originating from Afghanistan 2005-2015 arrived by land; the ratio of people who arrived by land and sea, respectively, within Europe in 2019, according to IOM. between Algeria and Spain. Between 1986 and 2007, data on asylum was collected on the basis of a gentlemen’s agreement. (Data for October through December has not yet been made available. Greek islands last saw arrival numbers like that in early 2016, before the Planned article update: mid-March 2021 and late April 2021 (parts on applications by unaccompanied minors and final decisions). Turkey to Greece doubled compared to 2018, the number of people taking the Bosnia & Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Europe, Macedonia, Spain. One factor that could explain this decrease is the fact that The Hague programme was adopted by heads of state and government on 5 November 2004. Since 2013, Syria remains the main country of citizenship of asylum seekers in the EU-27. (2018: Crossing the Mediterranean: still perilous despite fewer Since fiscal 1980, 55% of refugees have come from Asia, a far higher share than from Europe (28%), Africa (13%) or Latin America (4%). pattern and migration within the EU are not yet fully available for 2019. Only five Member States recorded higher rates: Romania (34.5 %), Cyprus (46.9 %), Slovakia (69.8 %), Bulgaria (71.8 %) and Slovenia (80.2 %). 2019 Report Refugees in Spain and Europe. The EU-27 aggregate includes 2018 data for Spain. Eurostat produces statistics on a range of issues relating to international migration. Among EU-27 Member States, the highest shares of positive final decisions out of the total number of final decisions in 2019 were recorded in Bulgaria (67.7 %), followed by Austria (55.7 %), Ireland (48.9 %), the Netherlands (48.0 %) and Finland (44.9 %). injuries, hypothermia and exhaustion (suffered by migrants who tried to cross a current rate. landed without the aid of NGO boats, coast guard vehicles or the like. nearly a third of them (202,945) were children. Europe in 2019 using irregular migration routes did so by crossing the Mediterranean Sea, data from both IOM and Frontex shows. This includes the 39 Vietnamese migrants who were found dead was 186,788; in 2016, it was 390,456; and in 2015, there were more than a Across the EU-27, female applicants outnumbered male applicants in 2019 for asylum applicants aged 65 and over, although this group was relatively small, accounting for just 0.8 % (0.5 % females and 0.3 % males) of the total number of first-time applicants. 2012: Croatia, Hungary and Austria not available. twice as many as in 2019. people trying to cross the central Mediterranean died. Try the new automatic translation by clicking on the blue icon “Translate” up in the right corner of the article! A number of directives in this area have been developed. Among children, 17,735 were considered UASC while claiming asylum … It is granted to a person who is unable to seek protection in his/her country of citizenship and/or residence, in particular for fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group, or political opinion. The European Commission released updated statistics about the numbers of refugees and migrants who tried to make their way to Europe in 2018, via the Mediterranean sea. in a clandestine manner in 2019 (as of December 23) crossed a land border to Croatia due to pushbacks and increased border patrols on the Croatian side of Some 40 300 Venezuelans (the highest number of applicants from a single country to one of the EU-27 Member States in 2019) and 28 900 Colombians applied for protection in Spain, while Afghans accounted for 23 700 applicants in Greece. Consequently, the EU total may include such multiple applications. Disclaimer: This article focuses on clandestine and irregular The need to seek international protection is one of the main reasons that forces people to cross borders. Data on decisions on asylum applications are available for two instance levels, namely first instance decisions and final decisions taken in appeal or review. We take a look at clandestine and irregular migration movements to Europe in 2019. to Western Europe. the Mediterranean Sea in 2019, according to IOM (as of December 19). 2019, down to 0.7%. Mediterranean migration: more arrivals in Greece, fewer in like the standoff between the Sea-Watch 3 and its captain Carola Rackete with In contrast, the largest relative decreases were recorded in Italy (-34.5 %, or 18 400 fewer), Germany (-12.0 %, or 19 400 fewer) and Austria (-7.0 %, or 800 fewer), see Figure 3. "We knew it was dangerous, I knew it was dangerous, but when you have a lion at your back and the sea in front, you take the sea." In April, the government announced that Germany would accept 4,600 resettled refugees in 2018 and 5,600 in 2019 as a contribution towards an EU … Syrian, Afghan and Venezuelan – main citizenships of asylum applicants in the EU-27 in 2019. AMIF has effectively and successfully supported the Union's common response to the migration crisis, while also providing a sign of solidarity to the Member States on the frontline. when there were significantly more migrants and refugees on the move. This is for the sake of the refugees but also for Europeans themselves. This was the first time the number of asylum applications increased year-to-year since 2015. Which were around 46% answered positively. authorisations to stay for humanitarian reasons, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), EU study on reception policies, as well as return and integration arrangements for unaccompanied minors, Dublin statistics on countries responsible for asylum application, Enforcement of immigration legislation statistics, Residence permits - statistics on first permits issued during the year, Migration and migrant population statistics, Population and population change statistics, All publications on asylum and managed migration, Decisions on applications and resettlement, European Commission — DG Migration and Home Affairs — Common European asylum system, https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Asylum_statistics&oldid=496368. While the number of people who crossed the Aegean Sea from almost twice as many as in 2018 (33,536). IOM data shows that there are over 200,000 migrants stuck across By far the largest number of decisions (both first and final) was issued in Germany (see Figure 7), accounting for 28.5 % of the total first instance decisions and 44.2 % of the total final decisions in the EU-27 in 2019. It also provides technical and operational support to Member States facing particular pressures (in other words, those Member States receiving large numbers of asylum applicants). This plan aims to set-up a coordinated approach and commits all EU Member States to grant high standards of reception, protection and integration for unaccompanied minors. Pending at end 2019. The share of refugees in the EU is 0.6% compared to the total population . In absolute terms, 109 000 persons were granted refugee status in the EU-27 in 2019 at first instance, 52 000 were given subsidiary protection status, and 45 100 were given authorisation to … Turkey is now taking steps to thin the number of refugees in its urban centers, recently moving more than 6,000 Syrians from Istanbul to temporary housing in other provinces. The seventeenth annual report from the Spa- nish Commission for Refugees (CEAR) analyses the situation of refugees in the world, the Euro-pean Union, and mainly in Spain over 2018. 38 % of EU-27 first instance asylum decisions resulted in positive outcomes in 2019. A total of 2,247 decisions have been made on initial applications. (Iraq is counted as a part of Asia in this data source.) million arrivals. Half or more of refugees during this time came from Asia, with many from Iraq and Burma (Myanmar). In contrast, final decisions in appeal or review relate to decisions granted at the final instance of administrative/judicial asylum procedure and which result from an appeal lodged by an asylum seeker rejected in the preceding stage. In 2019, more than half of Mediterranean migrant deaths By contrast, in Estonia, Lithuania and Portugal, all final decisions were negative. Total. This increase was largely due to an He urged member countries to show solidarity with the likes of Greece, Italy and Hungary by taking 160,000 refugees off their hands. decreased significantly. 165,938. This age distribution of asylum applicants was common in almost all of the EU-27 Member States, with the largest share of applicants being those aged 18–34. More than a million migrants and refugees crossed into Europe in 2015, compared with just 280,000 the year before. More than a Most migrants arrived by sea, taking the dangerous 'Mediterranean Syrians accounted for the largest number of applicants in seven of the 27 EU Member States, including 39 300 applicants in Germany. As a complement to this action plan, the European Migration Network has produced a comprehensive EU study on reception policies, as well as return and integration arrangements for unaccompanied minors. Rejection rate. The share of positive final decisions based on appeal or review (30.7 %; see Figure 9) was lower in the EU-27 in 2019 than for first instance decisions (38.1 %; see Figure 8). The first includes asylum seekers who have lodged a claim (asylum application) and whose claim is under consideration by a relevant authority. In absolute terms, 109 000 persons were granted refugee status in the EU-27 in 2019 at first instance, 52 000 were given subsidiary protection status, and 45 100 were given authorisation to stay for humanitarian reasons. 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